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Classification of mechanical parts
2025-09-18
There are many types of mechanical parts, which can be divided into the following categories according to their functions:
Transmission components
Gears: Transmission of power through tooth profile meshing, divided into straight teeth, helical teeth, bevel gears, etc., applied in scenarios such as gearboxes and automotive transmissions.
Pulley and sprocket: Power is transmitted through friction or meshing, such as V-belt pulley used for engine accessory drive and sprocket used for motorcycle transmission.
Couplings: Connect two shafts to transmit torque, divided into rigid couplings (such as flange couplings) and elastic couplings (such as diaphragm couplings).
Supporting components
Bearings: support rotating shafts and reduce friction, divided into rolling bearings (such as deep groove ball bearings) and sliding bearings (such as bearing shells), used in motors, machine tool spindles, etc.
Shaft: transmits torque and supports parts, including optical axis, stepped shaft, crankshaft, etc., such as the crankshaft of a car engine that needs to withstand alternating loads.
Connecting components
Bolt and nut: Removable fixation is achieved through threaded connection, such as flange connection and mechanical structure assembly.
Keys and pins: transmitting torque or positioning, such as flat keys used for connecting gears and shafts, and cylindrical pins used for positioning.
Operation and control components
Cams and followers: convert rotational motion into linear or oscillatory motion, such as in the valve train of an internal combustion engine.
Spring: stores energy or buffers impact, divided into compression spring, tension spring, torsion spring, etc., used in automotive suspension and valve reset.
Sealing and lubrication components
Oil seal: prevents lubricating oil leakage, such as engine crankshaft oil seal.
Sealing ring: prevents gas or liquid leakage, such as O-rings used for sealing hydraulic systems.
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